2014 October - Russia agrees to resume gas supplies to Ukraine over the winter in a deal brokered by the EU. 2005 September - Russia and Germany sign major deal to build Nord Stream gas pipeline under Baltic Sea between the two countries. 2014 February-May - After flight from Ukraine of pro-Moscow president Viktor Yanukovych, Russian forces take over Crimea, which then votes to join Russia in a referendum. Greece on March 25 will celebrate the 200-year anniversary since the beginning of the Greek War of Independence that broke 400 years of Ottoman dominance. Russia formally joins the World Trade Organization after 18 years of negotiations. He eventually falls out with President Yeltsin, who dismisses him in May 1999. 1953 - Death of Stalin ushers in less repressive rule at home, although Communist Party political dominance is firmly upheld. Soon after the Bolsheviks seized control in immense, troubled Russia in November 1917 and moved towards negotiating peace with … 2015 November - Turkey shoots down Russian warplane on Syria bombing mission. Now it is used as an opportunity to celebrate the accomplishments of Russians worldwide as well as a general celebration of the Russian culture and identity. 1772-1814 - Russia conquers Crimea, Ukraine, Georgia, and what later became Belarus, Moldova, as well as parts of Poland. 1994 - Russia joins Nato's Partnership for Peace programme. Select personalised content. The holiday is now also used as an opportunity to give state awards to prominent Russians who have made significant accomplishments in the past year – in the sciences, humanities, arts, and humanitarian activities. Read about our approach to external linking. What happens to your body in extreme heat? India reports highest daily coronavirus deaths1, Mitt Romney loudly booed by crowd of Republicans2, Trespass arrests at Prince Andrew's Windsor home3, Images show extent of deadly Kyrgyz-Tajik clashes5, China social media post mocks India Covid crisis6, Then and now: When silence descended over Victoria Falls7, Caitlyn Jenner opposes trans girls in girls' sport8, The young woman trying to adopt her friend9, DR Congo senior Muslim cleric shot dead in mosque10. 2005 June - State gains control of Gazprom gas giant by increasing its stake in the company to over 50%. Measure ad performance. If the weather is good, the atmosphere in the smaller cities is very pleasant – everyone is in a good mood and happy to celebrate being Russian in Russia. Independence Day is a public holiday in Russia. 1904-05 - Russian expansion in Manchuria leads to war with Japan - and the 1905 revolution, which forced Tsar Nicholas II to grant a constitution and establish a parliament, the Duma. 1581 - Cossacks begin conquering Siberia for Russia. 2009 April - Russia formally ends operations against rebels in Chechnya, although sporadic violence continues. Most major cities in Russia organize large public celebrations for Russia day. Measure content performance. 2018 March - Diplomatic row with Britain over the poisoning of former spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia in Salisbury, which Britain pins firmly on Russia. 2003 October - Yukos oil boss and prominent liberal Mikhail Khodorkovsky arrested on charges of tax evasion and fraud, an early casualty of President Putin's campaign to drive Yeltsin-era 'oligarchs' out of politics. On March 11, 1990, Lithuania's legislative Supreme Council voted in favor of declaring independence. 2010 October - President Medvedev sacks the powerful mayor of Moscow, Yuri Luzhkov, after weeks of criticism from the Kremlin. In 2005 he is sentenced to nine years imprisonment, and is pardoned and goes into exile in 2013. The population of Ukraine voted overwhelmingly for independence in the referendum of December 1, 1991. 2010 June - Presidents Medvedev and Obama mark warming in ties on the Russian leader's first visit to the White House. 1689-1725 - Peter the Great introduces far-reaching reforms, including a regular conscript army and navy, subordinating the Orthodox Church to himself and reorganising government structures along European lines. 1920s - Experiments with market mechanisms and private business under New Economic Policy give way to state-run command economy under Joseph Stalin, who becomes virtually unchallenged as dictator in 1929. Efforts to rein in Cold War tensions through US-Soviet detente collapse in aftermath of Soviet occupation of Afghanistan in 1979. 1906-1911 - Constitutional rule in tempered by authoritarian government of Peter Stolypin, whose attempts to reform land ownership were only partly successful. The best place to celebrate Russia Day is undoubtedly Moscow, where a huge celebration is always held right on Red Square. 2006 July - Russia's most-wanted man, Chechen warlord Shamil Basayev, killed by security forces. Opponents take to the streets of several major cities to protest at the conduct of the election, police arrest hundreds. Ivan I is granted the title of Grand Prince after helping to defeat an anti-Tatar uprising in the principality of Tver, Moscow's great rival.Â. 1998 September - New Prime Minister Yevgeny Primakov stabilises collapsing rouble, ends danger of debt default, and carries out major taxation reform. (About 84 percent of eligible voters turned out for the referendum, and about 90 percent of them endorsed independence.) Key opposition figures such as Alezei Navalny barred from standing. Supplies to southeastern Europe are disrupted for several weeks as a result of the dispute. 2008 November - Parliament votes overwhelmingly in favour of a bill that would extend the next president's term of office from four to six years. Tens of thousands turn out in opposition protests alleging fraud, in first major anti-government protests since the early 1990s. Russia Day is an official public holiday, which means that everyone gets the day off – and if the day falls on a weekend, then the holiday extends to Monday. © 2021 BBC. History of Independence Day in Russia. 1798-1815 - Russia takes part in the European coalitions against Revolutionary and Napoleonic France, defeating Napoleon's invasion in 1812 and contributing to his overthrow. 2007 July - Diplomatic row between London and Moscow over Britain's bid for the extradition of Andrei Lugovoi, an ex-KGB agent accused of Mr Litvinenko's murder. 1939-40 - Inconclusive Winter War against Finland reveals poor state of Soviet armed forces, prompting Stalin to build up military in expectation of eventual war with Germany. Social permissiveness and relatively generous approach to minority nationalities gradually yield to a conservative and Russocentric policies. 1237-40 - Mongols invade the Rus principalities, destroying numerous cities and ending Kiev's power. Tatars (as the Mongol invaders became known) establish the empire of the Golden Horde in southern Russia and the Khan of the Golden Horde becomes overlord of all the Russian princes. The day celebrates the establishment of Russia as an independent country after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 2009 October - Opposition parties accuse the authorities of rigging local elections, as the governing United Russia party wins every poll by a wide margin. Quieter celebrations take place in smaller cities in Russia like Kazan and Nizhny Novgorod. 1853-57 - Russia suffers setback in attempt to seize territory from declining Ottoman Empire through its defeat in Crimean War. The traditional account, a matter of debate among historians, attributes its founding to the semi-legendary Viking (or Varangian) leader Oleg, ruler of Novgorod, who went on to seize Kiev, which owing to its strategic location on the Dnieper River, became the capital of Kievan Rus. 1961 - Yuri Gagarin becomes first person to orbit Earth in Vostok spacecraft. 2000 August - Mr Putin faces criticism over sinking of Kursk nuclear submarine, given his slow response and official obfuscation. 2007 August - Russia mounts an Arctic expedition apparently aimed at expanding its territorial claims and plants a flag on the seabed at the North Pole. Communist and nationalist opposition makes large gains in elections to new Duma parliament. 2014 May - Russia's Gazprom sign 30-year deal to supply the China National Petroleum Corp with gas, estimated to be worth over $400bn. 2004 March - Mr Putin wins second presidential term by landslide, consolidating his power. Mr Luzhkov had been in office since 1992. Select basic ads. India reports highest daily coronavirus deaths. 1970s - Consolidation of Leonid Brezhnev's rule sees economic stagnation and widespread corruption, undermining public faith in any superiority of the Soviet model. 2020 January - President Putin announces plans to change the constitution ahead of the end of his presidential term in 2024, and dismisses the government. White general staff on a parade at Esplanade in Helsinki on May 16, 1918. 2018 July - President Putin and his US counterpart Donald Trump play down reports of Russian meddling in the 2016 US presidential election at their summit meeting in Helsinki. 2008 January - Russia revives Soviet-era Atlantic navy exercises in neutral waters in the Bay of Biscay off France in demonstration of resurgent military muscle. In 1827, with the revolution almost squashed, the war fleets of Britain, Russia and France intervened to destroy a Turkish-Egyptian fleet in the Bay of Navarino, in the western Peloponnese. The history of Lithuania dates back to settlements founded many [specify] thousands of years ago, but the first written record of the name for the country dates back to 1009 AD. 2005 February - Moscow and Tehran sign agreement by which Russia will supply fuel for Iran's Bushehr nuclear reactor and Iran will send spent fuel rods back to Russia. 2004 September - More than 380 people, many of them children, killed when mainly Chechen and Ingush Islamists besiege school in North Ossetia's Beslan. Prompts boost in state security powers, despite widespread public criticism of handling of siege. Gorbachev gradually loses control of reform processes at home and abroad, leading to the collapse of Communist rule in Eastern Europe and the eventual implosion of the Soviet Union itself. This year Russian president Vladimir Putin came to Minsk right before Belarus' Independence Day to open with his Belarusian counterpart a new Museum of the Great Patriotic War. 1930s - Stalin carries out a second revolution to consolidate his power, concentrating land ownership in massive state-run holdings, forcing the pace of industrialisation, and killing his enemies - real and imagined - in the Party, economic management, civil service, military and security services. 2014 December - The Russian rouble begins to drop rapidly against the US dollar, losing about half its value in the next two months. The republics were established in early Soviet Russia.On 15 November 1917, Vladimir Lenin … VideoZero waste bus delivers affordable food in lockdown, Why African countries back China on human rights. 2005 March - Chechen separatist leader Aslan Maskhadov killed by Russian forces. In an election coinciding with the … 2004 August - Authorities seize Yuganskneftegaz, Yukos's key production unit, over alleged tax debts, in move widely seen as punishment for Yukos boss Khodorkovsky's opposition to Putin. 2008 August - Tensions with Georgia escalate into war after Georgian troops attack Russian-backed separatist forces in South Ossetia. Police charge two Chechens with murder amid widespread scepticism. Relations between India and Russia are rooted in history, mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation. 2014 July - Following the downing of a Malaysian Airlines passenger plane over eastern Ukraine in a suspected missile strike, Russia comes in for international criticism over supplying rebels with heavy weaponry. Britain accuses Russian former security officers of murder. The day celebrates the establishment of Russia as an independent country after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, officially recognizing the day that the Declaration of the Sovereignty of the Russian Federation was signed. You may hear these words and phrases being thrown around in Russia on June 12, although it’s not common to say these things to strangers walking down the street (unlike during Easter). 2013 July - Anti-corruption blogger and leading opposition activist Alexei Navalny is sentenced to five years in prison after being found guilty of embezzlement in a trial he rejects as politically motivated. 1941 - Soviet Union left reeling by surprise German attack in July. Store and/or access information on a device. 1999 August - Armed men from Chechnya invade the neighbouring Russian territory of Dagestan. Acting Prime Yegor Gaidar launches controversial programme of lifting central controls on economy to prevent total collapse. 9th century - Founding of Kievan Rus, the first major East Slavic state. 1999 December - Yeltsin resigns in favour of Vladimir Putin, who takes over buoyed by popularity over major military campaign against Chechen rebels. But West and Syrian opposition say it overwhelmingly targets anti-Assad rebels instead. Picture: Gunnar Lönnqvist . On March 18, Crimean and Russian officials signed the Treaty of Accession of the Republic of Crimea to Russia. Former tax service chief Mikhail Mishustin appointed prime minister, succeeding Mr Putin's long-time ally Dmitry Medvedev. Russian troops launch two-year to recapture the breakaway republic of Chechnya, which ends with compromise agreement on substantial Chechen autonomy. This crucial blow enabled the Greeks to fight on and eventually gain independence in 1830. 2007 November - President Putin signs law suspending Russia's participation in the 1990 Conventional Armed Forces in Europe treaty that limits the deployment of heavy military equipment across Europe. VideoSweden's 'broken' IVF promise, Lebanon Easter biscuit woes symbolise crumbling economy, Then and now: When silence descended over Victoria Falls, How 'good news' stories hide US healthcare woes, Zero waste bus delivers affordable food in lockdown. 2012 August - US, EU and human rights groups condemn jail sentences imposed on three members of punk band Pussy Riot over an anti-Putin protest in a Moscow cathedral. 2017 December - The International Olympic Committee bans Russia from competing in the 2018 Winter Olympics. Lithuanians, one of the Baltic peoples, later conquered neighboring lands and established the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 13th century (and also a short-lived Kingdom of Lithuania). In June 12th 1990, the Russian Federation declared its independence from the Soviet Union, effectively ending the Soviet Union. November - Bolsheviks overthrow provisional government, suppress elected Constituent Assembly, establish ruthless 'Dictatorship of the Proletariat' under Communist Party rule that crushes religious and political dissent. Russians welcome a new year by saying, “S Novim Godom” (С Новым годом).Be prepared to say it often if you're traveling around Russia between December 30 and Jan. 15. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. 1995 - Communist Party emerges as largest party in parliamentary elections, with more than a third of seats. Select personalised ads. There is a President’s Address, also televised, in the evening. India records another dire milestone, but the government continues to resist a full lockdown. 1917 March - Poor performance in the war and mismanagement of the economy at home prompt mutinies in the armed forces and street disturbances in major cities. Russia Day is one of Russia’s youngest holidays, having only been around since 1992. 1950s - Soviet competition for power with West extends into Latin America and former European colonies in Africa, making Cold War global. 2010 July - A customs union between Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan comes into force despite Belarusian complaints about Russia retaining duties on oil and gas exports to its neighbours. Russia drives Georgian forces from South Ossetia and Abkhazia, then recognizes both as independent states. Russian Independence Day Celebration The Independence Day of Russia is a national holiday, so it certainly calls for celebrations. Russia suspended from G-8 group of industrialised countries. Seeking to impose military discipline and a centralised administration, he institutes a reign of terror against the hereditary nobility. 14th century - âAscendancy of grand princes of Moscow (or Muscovy) under the Mongols. 1918-22 - Bolsheviks win civil war against White Russians, aided by Britain, France, Japan and the US. Obama says the US will back Russia's World Trade Organisation accession, and Russia will allow the US to resume poultry exports. Suspended in March 2014. This year they wanted to make it an especially notable commemoration as it would mark the 70th anniversary of Minsk's liberation from Hitler's Nazi forces. March 11 1990: Lithuania becomes the first of the Soviet Republics to renew its independence. 2019 April - President Putin gives North Korean leader Kim Jong-un support for security guarantees ahead of any nuclear disarmament at a meeting in the far-eastern city of Vladivostok. 1949 - Soviets explode their first nuclear bomb; Cold War rivals begin nuclear arms race. Since June usually means quite nice weather in Russia, people pile onto the streets to wander around and spend the afternoon in a park and the evening in a pub. 1721 - Russia acquires territory of modern Estonia and Latvia after decades of war with Sweden, establishing naval presence in Baltic Sea and 'window on Europe'. 2012 December - Angered by a US bill blacklisting Russian officials in connection with the death in custody of lawyer Sergei Magnitsky, Moscow bans Americans from adopting Russian children and stops US-funded non-governmental organisations from working in Russia. The women were sentenced to two years for "hooliganism". 1918 - Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ends war with Germany at price of major territorial losses in eastern Europe and Baltic, which are steadily recovered over following 30 years. 2016 September - Parliamentary elections: The ruling United Russia party increases its majority, with the remaining seats won by other pro-Putin parties. 1547-84 - Grand Prince Ivan IV (the Terrible) is first ruler to be proclaimed Tsar in 1547. 2009 July - President Medvedev and Barack Obama, on his first official visit to Moscow, reach an outline agreement to reduce nuclear weapons stockpiles in move aimed at replacing 1991 Start 1 treaty. Despite the fact that this letter merely announced the proposed recognition of Finland's independence, it actually meant full recognition of independence, as the confirmation of the Executive Committee was only a formality. 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